Formation of highly ordered TiO2 nanotubes on Ti6Al4V alloys manufactured by electron beam powder bed fusion (E-PBF)

Abstract Highly ordered TiO 2 nanotubes were obtained by anodization on Ti6Al4V substrates manufactured electron beam powder bed fusion (E-PBF). Effects of parameters such as anodizing time, stirring, fluoride concentration, and water content analyzed in an organic electrolyte (ethylene glycol) that contains ammonium fluoride. The ordering the was measured regularity ratio calculations based fast Fourier transform (FFT) from SEM images. It found for processed specimens, highest reached at 30 V 5000 s with a concentration 9 vol% H O 0.4 wt.% NH 4 F, exhibiting free delamination, cracks, coral-like structures (RR) 1.91. This work offers simple method creating homogeneous organized E-PBF which potentially improves its functionality diverse industrial applications nanosensors, controlled-release substances, solar cells, splitting, electrochromic devices, Li-ion battery anodes. Graphical